The Indian Ocean covers 70,560,000 km 2 (27,240,000 sq mi), including the Red Sea and the Persian Gulf but excluding the Southern Ocean, or 19.5% of the world's oceans its volume is 264,000,000 km 3 (63,000,000 cu mi) or 19.8% of the world's oceans' volume it has an average depth of 3,741 m (12,274 ft) and a maximum depth of 7,906 m (25,938 ft). The northernmost extent of the Indian Ocean (including marginal seas) is approximately 30° north in the Persian Gulf. Meridionally, the Indian Ocean is delimited from the Atlantic Ocean by the 20° east meridian, running south from Cape Agulhas, and from the Pacific Ocean by the meridian of 146☄9'E, running south from the southernmost point of Tasmania. The borders of the Indian Ocean, as delineated by the International Hydrographic Organization in 1953 included the Southern Ocean but not the marginal seas along the northern rim, but in 2000 the IHO delimited the Southern Ocean separately, which removed waters south of 60°S from the Indian Ocean but included the northern marginal seas. Geography Ī composite satellite image centred on the Indian Ocean Extent and data In Ancient Greek geography, the Indian Ocean region known to the Greeks was called the Erythraean Sea. Ĭonversely, Chinese explorers in the Indian Ocean during the 15th century called it the Western Oceans. It was earlier known as the Eastern Ocean, a term that was still in use during the mid-18th century (see map), as opposed to the Western Ocean ( Atlantic) before the Pacific was surmised. The Indian Ocean has been known by its present name since at least 1515 when the Latin form Oceanus Orientalis Indicus ("Indian Eastern Ocean") is attested, named after the Indian subcontinent, which projects into it.
Along its core, the Indian Ocean has some large marginal or regional seas such as the Arabian Sea, Laccadive Sea, Bay of Bengal and Andaman Sea. To the south it is bounded by the Southern Ocean or Antarctica, depending on the definition in use. It is bounded by Asia to the north, Africa to the west and Australia to the east. The Indian Ocean is the third-largest of the world's five oceanic divisions, covering 70,560,000 km 2 (27,240,000 sq mi) or ~19.8% of the water on Earth's surface. Maday Island, Sri Lanka, Maldives, Madagascar, Seychellesġ Shore length is not a well-defined measure. South and Southeast Asia, Western Asia, Northeast, East and Southern Africa and Australia Zambezi, Ganges- Brahmaputra, Indus, Jubba, and Murray (largest 5)
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